"The Senate Judiciary Subcommittee said in its report: "The 'Militia' referred to a universally armed people, not to organized units.  When the framers referred to the equivalent of our National Guard, they uniformly used the term 'Select Militia' ...and distinguished this from 'Militia'.."
small image of crosshairs target Print 2", 4" or 8" targets small image of crosshairs target
Dictionary, Firearms: Abbreviations, Definitions & Opinions
by Morris L. Hallowell, IV - Hallowell & Co., Fine Sporting Guns
(linked from: GunsInternational.com, Glossary of Firearms/Gun Terms)
Recently Added  • Taking Back the Infantry Half-Kilometer-Increasing Small Arms Lethality .. A Monograph By Major Thomas P. Ehrhart, United States Army, School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. AY 2009
Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
Online Books, full text, read online, download, or print
  • 'Stick to Your Guns: How to Legally Carry Firearms "Almost Anywhere", Anytime' (19 pages, view online via Scribd.com)
  • 'Stick to Your Guns: How to Legally Carry Firearms "Almost Anywhere", Anytime' (19 pages, .pdf format, 5MB, download or view online)
  • Gun Facts - Your Guide to Debunking Gun Control Myths (111 pages, version 6, view online via Scribd.com)
  • Gun Facts - Your Guide to Debunking Gun Control Myths (111 pages, version 6, .pdf format, 2.5MB, download or view online)
    • Concealed Weapon - Carry Safety/Training
  • Concealed Carry Videos movie or video sound or narration still pictures
        (source: U.S. Cocealed Carry Association)
    • Sighting & Bore Alignment
  • Impact Point versus Inclination and Cant Angles
        (interactive visual, .177, 16fp, 25 yards, 2" bull)
  • Shooter Ready? Mil-Dot Ranging
  • Shooter Ready? Long Range Shooting
        (8 stages, 3 targets, 3 calibers)
  • Mil-Dot and MOA, an in-depth study
  • The Truth about Mil-Dots
  • Slide Show: Mils for Ranging and Holds
  • Bushnell: Mil Dot Reticle Instructions (.pdf)
  • Leopold: Tactical Supplement for the Mil Dot Reticle (.pdf)
  • MilDot Firing Solutions calculator at MilDot.com
  • Truth about Mil Dots
        (article, boomershoot.org)
    •
      Full Text Books, Magazines, Articles:
    1. 2nd Amendment (Google)
    2. Firearms (Google)
    3. Firearms (Google)
    4. Food Storage (Google)
    5. Gun Control (Google)
    6. Gun Safety (Google)
    7. How to Can Food (Google)
    8. Gun Dictionary • Myths & Truths • Scary Words from (BoomerShoot.org)
    9. Rifle (Google)
    10. Shotgun (Google)
    11. Sniper Training (Google)
    12. Sport Shooting (Google)
    13. Survival Training (Google)
    Guns, Guns, Guns: All Resources About Guns
    Firearms links, alphabetized, categorized, regionalized & searchable at:
    http://www.gunsgunsguns.com (link source: E. Bell)
    • Bullet Energy Calculator
    Source: Guns Save Lives
      A History of Firearms
      (at: http://www.gunhoo.com/firearms-history.html)
    1. The History of Firearms Identification (.pdf)
    2. Chinese Contributions to Technology
    3. Gunpowder
    4. Muzzle Loaders
    5. Making a Matchlock Musket (tutorial)
    6. The American Revolution: The Ferguson Rifle
    7. The Rifle versus The Musket
    8. The American Firearms Institute: Important Dates in Gun History (14 A.D. to 1983)
    9. Gun Information for Shooters: Matchlock
     (The above history links source was recommended 19Jan12 by J.W. & L.W., Philadelphia Social Club.)
    2ndAmendmentTV.com Videos movie or video
    • Attacks on our rights
    • Basics 
    • Rifles
    M1 Garand - Principles of Operation (1943) United States Rifle, Caliber .30, M1
    view on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJJeBXZeVZU (15m32s)
    Uploaded by nuclearvault on Mar 2, 2011
    US Rifle, .30 Caliber, M1      This Army Training film explains the principles of operation of the M1 (Garand) Infantry Rifle.   The US Rifle M1 was the first semiautomatic rifle to be the standard small arm of the US Military, requiring a trigger pull to fire a round but automatically chambering the next round.  This not only greatly increased the rate of fire over bolt-action rifles, but made it far easier to reacquire a target after each round.  It was also the first semiautomatic rifle to be adopted by a major military power.   It was the product of a genuine genius, John Cantius Garand.
    Rifle Marksmanship with the M1 Rifle - Part 1 of 2 (1942, video 1h13m32s)
    view on Youtube:     http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QoZ_usoFVSc
    M1 Garand Rear SightUploaded by nuclearvault on Apr 24, 2010
    http://www.archive.org/details/How_to_Shoot_the_US_Army_Rifle
    Rifle Marksmanship with the M1 Rifle - Part 2 of 2 (1942, video 59m54s)
    view on Youtube:     http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bmdxZwvkoQ
    Uploaded by nuclearvault on Apr 29, 2010
    source:     http://www.archive.org/details/How_to_Shoot_the_US_Army_Rifle
     
    FUNDAMENTALS OF RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP (1971, video 27m23s)
    ARC Identifier 36901 / Local Identifier 111-TF-4320 (1971, audio quality low)
         Department of Defense. Department of the Army. Office of the Chief Signal Officer. (09/18/1947 - 02/28/1964).
    DEMONSTRATES THE ELEMENTS OF SHOOTING ON THE 25-METER RIFLE RANGE.
    Creative Commons license: CC0 1.0 Universal
     
    Fundaments of Rifle Marksmanship (1999, video 16m48s)
    United States Marine Corp (USMC), AVA21011VNB1, 1999
    USMC Training Film: Rifle Marksmanship (1999, 16m48s)Watch at: http://archive.org/details/gov.ntis.ava21011vnb1
    This program explains and demonstrates the proper fundamentals of aiming, breath control, and trigger control in rifle markmanship
    Producer: U.S. Marine Corps
    Audio/Visual: sound, color
    Keywords: usmc.mil; public.resource.org
    Creative Commons license: Public Domain
    Small Arms Fundamentals, DOD 1945 part 1 of 3 parts (18m56s)Fundamentals Of Small Arms Weapons (1945) - Part 1 of 3 (18m56s)
    view on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZX7X3pJgH8
    Uploaded by nuclearvault on Aug 11, 2010
    Department of Defense, PIN 29862

    Fundamentals Of Small Arms Weapons (1945) - Part 2 of 3 (12m47s)
    view on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgF0X1zjLNY
    Uploaded by nuclearvault on Aug 11, 2010
    Department of Defense, PIN 29863

    Fundamentals Of Small Arms Weapons (1945) - Part 3 of 3 (9m45s)
    view on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PfNZPSvsAU
    Uploaded by nuclearvault on Aug 11, 2010
    Department of Defense, PIN 29864
    U.S. RIFLE, CALIBER 7.62MM, M14 - OPERATION AND CYCLE OF FUNCTIONING
    view on Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Kgnh4neVaY
    M14 IPB cut away     Uploaded by PublicResourceOrg on Aug 7, 2010
          U.S. RIFLE, CALIBER 7.62MM, M14 - OPERATION AND CYCLE OF FUNCTIONING - National Archives and Records Administration - ARC Identifier 36734 / Local Identifier 111-TF-2970 - Department of Defense. Department of the Army. Office of the Chief Signal Officer. (09/18/1947 - 02/28/1964). Design and Capabilities - Field Stripping Provisions - Cycle of Function - Feeding, Chambering, Locking, Firing, etc. - Semiautomati and Automatic Operations. (DVD Copied by Master Scanner Tomas Gideon).
    AR15 (Stoner)/M16 Operation And Functioning Cycle
    US Army film detailing the operation and function of Eugene Stoner's AR15/M16 rifle design.
    view on Youtube:
    M15 Stoner/M16 Operation & Cycling
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtwhZj1_TlI
    US ARMY, TF 9 3663 (1966)
    Fundamentals of Small Arms Weapons
    Fundamentals Of Ballistics - 1948 United States Army (video, 18m2s)
    • AR-15: How to load, unload & fire '101'
    (H/T     Lucky Gunner Lounge)
    "Rounds Of Authority" (FLETC, 1997) 18m17s
    Shotgun Ammunition (available to the public)
    Watch on Youtube at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=lda2vkf6F9U&feature=endscreen
    small image of intro to FLETC shotgun ammunition training video
    Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC)
    gov.ntis.ava20354vnb1 VP-005-97
    video source: http://youtu.be/lda2vkf6F9U

      Visit the "Legal Reference Library from the 'California Right To Carry' - Home of the only lawsuit seeking to restore Loaded Open Carry to California" by Charles Nichols, quoted: "Unless one understands the evolution of English common law regarding armed self-defense leading up to the enactment of the Second Amendment as well as understanding American common law leading up to the enactment of the Fourteenth Amendment which qualifies the Second Amendment right as applied to the states, then you have an uninformed opinion." Charles Nichols, quoted from his 'legal library' re RTKBA http://blog.californiarighttocarry.org/?page_id=4204, "I have filed a Federal Civil Rights lawsuit seeking to overturn California's 1967 ban on carrying a loaded firearm in public for the purpose of self-defense and for other lawful purposes."
      References, cited on Nichol's legal library page:
    1. • The Statutes at Large From the Magna Charta to the end of the Eleventh Parliament of Great Britain – Volume 1 – 1762
      • The Statutes at Large From the 15th Year of King Edward III to the 13th Year of King Henry IV inclusive – Volume II – 1762
    2. • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Volume 1 – Hawkins – 1716
      • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Sixth Edition – Volume 1 – Hawkins – 1777
      • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Sixth Edition – Volume 1 – Hawkins – 1787
      • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Seventh Edition – Volume 1 – Hawkins – 1795
      • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Seventh Edition – Volume 4 – Hawkins – 1795
      • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Volume 1 – Hawkins – 1803
      • A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown – Eighth Edition – Volume 1 – Hawkins – 1824
    3. • Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States – Volume 3 – Joseph Story – 1833
    4. • Compiled Laws of the State of California – Garfielde – 1853
      • The Statutes of California – B. B. Redding – 1855
      • Statutes of California – Allen – 1857
      • Statutes of California – Avery – 1863
      • The General Laws of the State of California, from 1850 to 1864 – Bancroft – 1871
    5. • A Treatise on Crimes and Misdemeanors – Sixth Edition – Volume 1 – Oldnall – 1896
    6. • Commentaries on the Laws of England – Book 1 – Blackstone – 1793
      • Commentaries on the Laws of England – Book 2 – Blackstone – 1767
      • Commentaries on the Laws of England – Book 3 – Blackstone -1807
      • Commentaries on the Laws of England – Twelfth Edition – Book 4 – 1795
      • Commentaries on the Laws of England – In Two Volumes – Volume 2 – Books 3 and 4 – Blackstone – 1908
      • Commentaries on the Laws of England – Book 4 – Blackstone – 1902
      • The American Students Blackstone G. Chase Edition 1884
    7. • Alexis De Tocqueville’s Democracy in America has been cited in Second Amendment cases.
      • Democracy in America – Volume 1 – Alexis de Tocqueville – 1839
      • Democracy in America – Volume 2 – Alexis de Tocqueville – 1840
      • Democracy in America – Volume 3 – Alexis de Tocqueville – 1840
    8. "This link http://blog.californiarighttocarry.org/?page_id=201 will take you to one hundred years of American state court legal decisions from 1822 to 1923.", Charles Nichols, "If you don’t read the debate which went on within the American States regarding the Second Amendment right then where does your knowledge of what the Second Amendment means as defined by the courts come from?"
    History of Bell Target Shooting an old Black Country Sport
    an article by Frank Spittle at some UK sports history
    (formerly on the now defunct http://www.hinkleyairrifle.com, "Hinkley & District Air Rifle League, UK"
    a game post by Dave Wykes)     Recently Added
    		Recently Added  • COMBAT TRAINING WITH PISTOLS AND REVOLVERS (FM-235 USA) (76 pp., DoD) (Preface) This manual provides guidance on the operation and marksmanship of the pistol, M9, 9-mm; pistol, M1911A1, caliber .45; and the revolver, caliber .38. It reflects current Army standards in weapons qualifications. It is a guide for the instructor to develop training programs, plans, and lessons that meet the objectives of the United States Army Marksmanship Program for developing combat effective marksmen. The soldier develops confidence, knowledge, and skills by following the guidelines in this manual. [*1]
    HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
    Washington, DC, 3 October 1988
    [*1] This publication supersedes FM 23-35, 24 September 1971.
    Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
     • Stephen Ricciardelli's "Gun Manuals" (very extensive, in Adobe .pdf format)
     • Gun Manuals For Nearly EVERY Firearm On The Planet (eBooks & .pdf)
     • Firearms Related Statistics & Data
    Source: Center for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
     • Gun Control Survey: 11 key lessons from officers' perspectives
     • Guns Save Lives: Incident Map
    H/T Christopher Mares's Tu.17Oct17 FB post
    Gun Laws, Rules, Regulations, RKBA, CCW
    Disclaimer: Laws can change.  The accuracy of linked sources is not guaranteed.   Confirm to the provisions of appropriate government agencies.
  • Gun Vehicle Gun Laws, an Interactive Map
    (source: http://www.gunvault.com)
    •   • Firearms Legislation In The 112th Congress (GunOwners.org)
      • Open Carry (laws, status, petitions)
      • RTC CCWP Reciprocity
        + CCWP Carry License Reciprocity State By State (CCRKBA)
        + CCWP Handgun Laws & States' Reciprocity Maps (16Sep11, HandGunLaw.us)
        + Concealed Carry Permit Reciprocity Maps (USACarry.com, 14Dec11)
        + Concealed Carry Permit Information by State & Territory (USACarry.com, 14Dec11)
        + Concealed Carry Permit Examples (images, USACarry.com, 14Dec11)
      • U.S. Handgun Laws
       (w/U.S. State Pages & Reciprocity Maps) note, definitions: Shall Issue, May Issue, Right Denied (explained below map, USACarry.com) + Permit Reminder Service (via email)
    GunCite.com: Second Amendment
      (To Preserve & Guarantee)
     • Gun Control
     • Gun Control: A Statistical Perspective
     • Other Gun Control Information
     • Gun Control Websites
     • Gun Control News
     • The Gun Control Reading Room
     • Gun Laws
     • Alternatives to Gun Control
     • Gun Violence
     • U.S. & 44 States' "Right to Keep and Bear Arms" Constitutional protections! (SAF)
     • Law Making Hysteria (by Kim Weissman June 6, 1999)
      Steve Ricciardelli's Firearms Pages:
    1. Illustrated Parts Breakdowns (IPBs by manufacturer)
      1. Rifle Illustrated Parts Breakdowns
      2. Handgun Illustraed Parts Breakdowns
      3. Shotgun Illustrated Parts Breakdowns
      4. Reloading Tools Illustrated Parts (also see B)
    2. Firearms (Owner's) Manuals (.pdf format)
        from A to Z, by manufacturer/model
      1. Firearms from A to Z, by manufacturer & model
      2. Flashlights, Metal Detectors,
      3. Optics, Scopes
      4. Optics, Photography, by manufacturer/model
      5. Reloading Tools, by manufacturer
      6. Other: Sharpening Tools, Rests, Dremel, Rifle Basix
      7. Tipton: chamber cleaning tool, gunvise, range box
    3. U.S. / Canadian Military Manuals
        U.S. Military (and Correspondence Courses & some forms)
      1. Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, Navy
      2. U.S. Joint Services
      3. Federal Highway
      4. Canadian
    4. Archival Books (Guns amp; Reloading)
      1. Old Firearms & Reloading Manuals (by author/year/title, 1910-1971)
      2. "How To..." Manuals (various by author/date/title, 1953-2008)
      3. ANSI-SAAMI Publications: Weapons, Accessories, Components, Issues
    5. Firearms/Weapons Magazines (back issues)
        by year-volume/number
      1. American Handgunner (2001-2003)
      2. American Survival guide (1984-1992)
      3. Guns Magazine (1955-2009)
      4. Swat Magazine (2004)
      5. Magazine Articles (Magazine, Issue, Author, Title)
      6. Guns Magazine (1955-2009)
    6. Why Reload? (Steve Ricciardelli observations)
        Reloading:
      1. Product/Supplier links
      2. Reloading:
        1. personally loaded
        2. downloadable catalogs
        3. reloading & firearms, general
        4. reloading data
        5. JAVA Ballistic Page
        6. cartridge drawings & dimensions
        7. bullets & ballistics
        8. Ballistic Software Downloads
      3. Reloading Tables (.17 Bee to Winchester AA 20-Gauge)
    7. Firearms & Ammunition Related (1908-2010)
        Miscellaneous:
      1. Company Histories
      2. Cartidges, cases: pistol, revolver, rifle, shotgun
      3. construction, types, conversion tables, energy formula, glossary, recoil formula, shot table
      4. Case Information: equipment, case life, headstamps, C.U.P vs. PSI, dimensions, headspace chart
      5. Powder: appearance, burning rates, handling, density, SAAMI Pressure limits, velocity v BBL length, velocity v temp
      6. Primers
      7. Game Information: recipes, speed, weights
      8. Scoresheets: skeet, five stand, skeet doubles, targets, trap, MS Excel Spreadsheets, Sporting Clays, firearms inventory/registration
      9. N.R.A. Corner: Armed Citizen, anti-firearms personalities/companies/organizations/media, Federal/State Laws,
      10. Mix 'N' Mach: Gun Box Plans, Shooting Bench Plans, Loading Bench Plans, Sample Targets, Loading Cabinent Plans, Target Analysis, Neal Knox Report, and Steve Ricciardelli's Quiz
    http://wp.gunfacts.info/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Gun-Facts-Cover-v6.2-165w.jpg  • Download the free " Gun Facts ebook" that debunks gun-conrol myths. (by Guy Smith)
        Read the full book below.

    Other eBooks recommended by Guy Smith: (http://www.gunfacts.info/other-docs/)
    Assault Weapons Ban - Briefing Book
    This booklet is designed for mass printing and distribution to media, politicians, and the public.  It covers the federal "assault weapons" ban and debunks the myths behind the origin and effect.  Prints on two sheets, two sided, 8.5" X 14".  Kino's can produces these for pennies each.  Print, single fold, center staple.  Space is left to include your own contact information.
    Jury nullification and the 2nd Amendment
    One citizen on a jury can legally stop a bad gun law using nullification.  If a number of convictions are stopped citing violation of 2nd Amendment rights through nullification, then the law becomes void.  Read up and be ready to take a seat in the jury box.
    Yelling Fire
    The argument that "you cannot yell 'fire' in a crowded theater" as proof that there can be reasonable regulation of the Right to Keep and Bear Arms is at best tortured, and if applied in reverse, is clearly fraudulent.  There is some interesting history behind this story - history that would make the ACLU cringe.
     • 6 Things All Americans Should Know About the Second Amendment (JPFO.org)
     • The Right To Keep And Bear Arms (RKBA) (JPFO.org)
    (Report of the Senate Subcommittee on the Constitution of the United States, Ninety-Seventh Congress, Second Session, February 1982)
     • Sources on the Second Amendment and Rights to Keep and Bear Arms in State Constitutions (JPFO.org)
    (Original produced by Prof. Eugene Volokh, UCLA Law School, 1986)
     • Firearms Act of 1968: "Gun Control’s" Nazi Connection (JPFO.org)
    (.. evidence suggests that the Gun Control Act of 1968 was lifted, almost in its entirety, from Nazi legislation. Reference the English translation [plus a link to the original (copy) in German.]
     • Gun Facts (an ebook by Guy Smith, 2011, .pdf format)

    The Right To Keep And Bear Arms
    by Mr. Kim Weissman
    Perhaps the best defense of the historical context of the RKBA written by a non-historian — includes a number of quality reference links.

    What State Constitutions Teach about
    The Second Amendment
    by David Kopel
    by: Kim Weissman
    June 6, 1999

    The Right to Keep and Bear Arms"The laws that forbid the carrying of arms ... disarm only those who are neither inclined nor determined to commit crimes. Can it be supposed that those who have the courage to violate the most sacred laws of humanity ... will respect the less important and arbitrary ones ... Such laws make things worse for the assaulted and better for the assailants, they serve rather to encourage than to prevent homicides, for an unarmed man may be attacked with greater confidence than an armed man." — Thomas Jefferson

    The Right to Keep and Bear Arms"The right of the citizens to keep and bear arms has justly been considered, as the palladium of the liberties of the republic; since it offers a strong moral check against usurpation and arbitrary power of the rulers; and will generally, even if these are successful in the first instance, enable the people to resist and triumph over them." —Justice Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution (1833)
    Quotes Source: http://www.tysknews.com/Depts/2nd_Amend/tysk_2nd_amend.htm

    RFH, note - One of my favorite of Halbrook's books is Book4, "The Founders’ Second Amendment - Origins of the Right to Bear Arms" (2008)

    Halbrook, "Do Americans have a constitutional right to bear arms? Or is this power vested solely in government? Recent years have seen a sea change in scholarship on the Second Amendment. Beginning in the 1960s, a revisionist view emerged that individuals had a “right” to bear arms only in militia service – a limited, collective right. But in the late 1980s a handful of scholars began producing an altogether persuasive analysis that changed thinking on the matter, so that today, even in canonical textbooks, bearing arms is acknowledged as an individual right. Stephen Halbrook’s The Founders’ Second Amendment is the first book-length account of the origins of the Second Amendment, based on the Founders’ own statements as found in newspapers, correspondence, debates, and resolutions. Mr. Halbrook investigates the period from 1768 to 1826, from the last years of British rule and the American Revolution through to the adoption of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, and the passing of the Founders’ generation. His book offers the most comprehensive analysis of the arguments behind the drafting and adoption of the Second Amendment, and the intentions of the men who created it. With the question of the right to bear arms scheduled to come before the Supreme Court in the spring of 2008, The Founders’ Second Amendment could scarcely be more timely."
    Available at Amazon with other Stephen Halbrook books.
    "Are we at last brought to such a humiliating and debasing degradation, that we cannot be trusted with arms for our own defense?" -- Patrick Henry, June 9th, 1788
    Virginia Convention, U.S. Constitution ratification. (Quotes: http://harrold.org/quotes/)
    Return to Harrold's Home Page
    • The documents above are in various formats: e.g. Adobe .pdf format, MS Word .doc format, and plain text.
    • The full Adobe Acrobat Reader™ can be downloaded from: http://get.adobe.com/reader/otherversions/
    • An alternate and smaller Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) reader can be downloaded (free) from Foxit Software at: http://www.foxitsoftware.com/pdf/reader_2/down_reader.htm
    • If you do not have Microsoft Word, you can download a free .doc format viewer program from Microsoft at: http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/downloads/downloads-marketplace-categories-FX102300516.aspx?Category=CL102416887#last=;Index=0
    • A free and complete (open source) 'office suite' can also be downloaded from: http://www.openoffice.org
    • If you want to create your own .pdf format documents, you can download Win2PDF: http://win2pdf.com
    • Links to more document viewers, Internet browser "plugins" and "media players" for Microsoft Windows PCs can be found at: http://harrold.org/rfhextra/plugins.html
    • More free online books links:  http://harrold.org/rfhextra/books.html
    • More free American history reading links:  http://harrold.org/rfhextra/history.html
    • Firearms Safety Resources:  http://harrold.org/rfhextra/2nd/Safety.html